According to PCI DSS, how often should penetration testing be performed?

Penetration testing is a critical component of maintaining compliance with PCI DSS because it evaluates the security of network systems and applications by simulating attacks. The correct frequency for conducting penetration testing, as outlined by PCI DSS, is at least annually and after any significant system changes. This ensures that any new vulnerabilities created by changes, such as updates to the environment, new applications, or modifications to the existing infrastructure, are identified and addressed efficiently.

Conducting penetration tests annually helps organizations assess their security posture and validate the effectiveness of their security controls within the given timeframe. Additionally, by mandating testing after significant system changes, PCI DSS emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring and adjustments to security measures to safeguard sensitive payment data effectively. This proactive approach minimizes risks and helps organizations respond promptly to evolving threats.

While some might consider conducting penetration testing more frequently, such as monthly or with every new application added, PCI DSS sets a balanced standard that focuses on comprehensive evaluations without overwhelming resources or compromising the thoroughness of each assessment.